DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Question Answer Colonialism Rural and Tribal Societies

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Here, we provide complete solutions of DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Colonialism Rural and Tribal Societies of We and Our World Social Science Textbook. These exercise of sst chapter 10 (history) contains 5 questions and the answers to them are provided in the DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Question Answer Colonialism Rural and Tribal Societies.

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DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Colonialism Rural and Tribal Societies Solutions

DAV Class 8 Social Science Chapter 10 Colonialism Rural and Tribal Societies Solutions is given below. Here DAV Class 8 SST chapter 10 question answer is provided with detailed explanation.

Highlights

• Tick the correct option
• Fill in the blanks
• Write True or False
• Answer the following questions in brief
• Answers the following questions

DAV question answer of Class 8 history of We and Our World Social Science Textbook is the best source for the students to self-analyse their performance. DAV Class 8 students are more likely to score good marks in SST exam if they practise DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Question Answer Colonialism Rural and Tribal Societies regularly.

DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Question Answer

A. Tick the correct option.

1. Under the Mahalwari System, the word mahal means-

Answer: a group of villages

2. The Ryotwari System was introduced by-

Answer: Thomas Munro

3. The other name for Zamindari Bandobast was-

Answer: Permanent Revenue System

4. Who was the leader of the Santhals’ revolt?

Answer: Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu

5. Where did Industrial Revolution begin first?

Answer: England

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. English shattered the self-sufficient ___________ economy.

2. Many tribals left forests in search of ___________.

3. Zamindari System was introduced in Bengal by ___________.

4. ___________ revenue was the biggest source of income for the Company.

5. Basic or ___________ industry started in India after independence.

Answer: (1) rural (2) livelihood (3) Lord Cornwallis (4) Land (5) key.

C. Write True or False for the following statements.

1. Before the advent of East India Company, the rural life in India was simple and self-sufficient.

2. The British wanted to smuggle and sell opium in Spain to earn profit.

3. Kisan Sabhas were formed in 1930 to support the cause of peasants.

4. The Khonds of Orissa practised shifting agriculture.

5. The tribal chiefs lost all their powers and were forced to follow the laws made by the British officers in India.

Answer: (1) True (2) False (3) True (4) False (5) True.

D. Answer the following questions in brief.

1. Highlight the main features of Mahalwari System.

Answer: The Mahalwari system, initiated by Holt Mackenzie in 1822 AD was a modified version of Zamindari system exclusively linked with a group of villages called mahal, however tax collection was the responsibility of village communities as lands, forests and pastures mere in their country.

2. Why did the British force Indian farmers to grow commercial crops?

Answer: The Britishers forced Indian farmer to grow commercial crops like indigo, cotton, opium and tea to earn huge profit.

3. What was the impact of colonial rule on the tribals of India. Mention any three.

Answer: The impact of colonial rule on the tribals of India was:

• Many tribals had to leave their forest home in search of work.
• A large number of them were recruited through contractor to work in the tea plantations in far off areas of Assam.
• Many tribals were also recruited in factories and fields to work under very harsh conditions.

4. Write short notes on the Birsa Movement.

Answer: In 1895, Birsa Munda, a young boy, emerged as hero of tribals. He urged them to continue to work on their own land to earn their living and not to move away. This would end all their sufferings.

As the Birsa movement spread, the popularity of Birsa Munda also increased. He told his people that land policies of the British were destroying their traditional land system. Birsa was jailed for two years but on his release, he instigated the tribals to attack zamindars. He raised the white flag as a symbol of Birsa Raj. This movement ended in 1900 with the death of Birsa.

5. Highlight any three changes that took place in modern industries in the nineteenth century.

Answer: Three changes that took place in modern industries in the nineteenth century are as follows.

1. Tea became the biggest plantation industry in Assam, Bengal and south India.
2. Industries like cotton, jute, iron and steel developed at a fast rate.
3. Cement and sugar industries developed and key industries were given priority.

E. Answer the following questions.

1. List the main features of Permanent Settlement. How did the production of opium, indigo and sugar shot up the profit margins of the East India Company?

Answer: The main features of permanent settlement are as follows:

• It was introduced in 1793 in Bengal.
• It was introduced by Lord Cornwallis.
• Under the system, zamindar said to pay 89% of the total revenue.
• This system gave birth to one new class of landlord called zamindars,
• Under the system, the position of cultivator become miserable.

The British introduced commercial agriculture in India to gain maximum profit. The Britishers wanted to smuggle and sell opium in China so that they could earn huge profit. Similarly indigo called neel in India was in great demand in textile Industries of Britain. The demand of sugar in West extracted many Europeans to set up sugar plantation in India. In this way the production of opium, Indigo and sugar shot up the profit margins of the East India Company.

2. Differentiate between Ryotwari and Mahalwari system.

Answer: Difference between Ryotwari and Mahalwari system:

3. How did colonialism systematically destroy Indian crafts and industries? Explain.

Answer: Colonialism is based on the idea of political domination and economic exploitation.

• The main aim of the British was bought raw materials from India at cheap rates and sell the same to English manufactures in England.
• The British brought machine made cheap goods to be sold in the Indian markets.
• The Indian craftsman had to buy raw material at a high price.
• The handmade good were expensive and could not compete successfully with machine made goods. The Indian crafts and industries started declining.

4. How far were British agrigarian and tribal policies responsible for widespread discontentment in India? Explain with the help of examples.

Answer: The British agrarian and tribal policies responsible for discontentment in India as their policies taxed the peasants heavily which they could not afford at times. The life of the peasants was deteriorated due to this.

Their policies also lead to violation of the rights of tribal which they had over the forests. Due to this, the tribal were at times displaced from their habitat without any reason.

For example: Revolt by the khasi who lived in the khasi hills of north-west Assam took place in 1829 because construction of road through their land United many khasi chief against the English under the leadership of Barmanik and Tirut singh.

5. Describe any five revolts by the tribals against the British.

Answer: Five revolts by the tribals against the British are

• The Khasis, who lived in the khasi hills of North-West Assam took place in 1829.
• The Kukis of hilly regions of Manipur continued attacking the British territories from 1829.
• The Khonds of Khondmals (near Orissa) revolted against the British in 1846 due to the fear of being annexed. But they could not stand before the might of Britishers.
• The Santhals found themselves quite helpless against the exploitation of British in 1855 to 1856 under the leadership of Sidhu and Kanumurm.
• Mundas of Chhota Nagpur, joined by kolarian tribe of same region, revolted in 1831. The struggle suppressed by the British forces.